Catecholamine alterations in experimental hydrocephalus.

Experimental hydrocephalus was induced in rats by intracisternal injection of kaolin suspension. The amounts of norepinephrine and dopamine were determined in the whole brain and specific brain regions at 1 week (acute phase) and 4 weeks (chronic phase). The turnover of catecholamine, an index of the activity of catecholamine-containing neurons, was determined by measuring the decrease in catechlamine contents 2 h after intraperitoneal injection of α-methyl-p-tyrosine (250 mg/kg), an inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase. We observed that the catecholamine contents in kaolin-induced hydrocephalus were not significantly different from control values. Following injection of α-methyl-p-tyrosine, there was decrease in levels of catecholamines in both control and hydrocephalic rats. This decrease was, however, significantly less in induced hydrocephalus than in control animals. This result suggested that in hydrocephalus, the activities of norepinephrinergic and dopaminergic neurons are reduced.