Lower pole stones management. Do we have a consensus

Management of lower pole stones is still controversial. All available treatments modalities have their own advantages and disadvantages which change significantly according to the stone burden of the patient. Except from the size there are also other factors, less known, that may potentially influence the outcomes of each treatment option. SWL is the least invasive approach which is related to the lower SFR in comparison to PNL and fURS. PNL provides the highest SFRs. fURS provides high SFRs with less severe complications than PNL. Both the PNL and the fURS are minimally invasive in nature. A literature search in Pubmed took place with limitation to the English language abstracts and articles. The aim was to clarify the clinical impact and effectiveness of the available treatment modalities for the management of lower pole stones.”