Studies on the induction of autotetraploid radish with colchicine

The diploid radish(Raphanus sativus L.)was induced by treating the apical portion of cotyledon with different concentrations of colchicine solution.The autotetraploid plants were obtained by identifying the characteristics of morphology,cytology,agronomy,and nutrition quality.The results showed that the best effect of autotetraploid was obtained with 2.0 g·L-1 colchicine solution for 6 times,and the frequency was 4.5%.Compared with the diploid plants,the autotetraploid plants showed the'enormous characteristic'in the thickness of leaves,the size of stomatas,the number of chloroplasts in a leaf guard cell,the size of flower organs,the length and the width of pollen grains,the size of seeds and so on.The height of plants,the thickness of ten leaves and the weight of taproot of autotetraploid were significantly higher than diploid.The nutrition quality of autotetraploid radish was also much better than diploid radish,such as vitamin C,soluble protein,organic acid,soluble sugar and reductive sugar.