Mechanism of action of the specific nutrient combination Fortasyn® Connect, which is designed to enhance synapse formation and function in Alzheimer's disease

homocysteine levels, which in turn influences the PEMT pathway. This especially is relevant in AD, which is associated with high plasma homocysteine levels and B-vitamin deficiencies. Vitamin C, E, and selenium can serve as antioxidants to protect the membrane precursors DHA and EPA from lipid peroxidation. Dietary phospholipids can also act as a direct source of precursors, whereas selenium may enhance membrane synthesis by increasing the activity of a key enzyme in the Kennedy pathway.Conclusions: The availability of membrane precursors is affected by their nutritional intake as well as by the intake of cofactors that increase precursor availability. Consequently, addition of nutritional cofactors potentially facilitates the synthesis of membrane phospholipids by enhancing the availability of the rate-limiting precursors.