Eventos estressores e recaídas de usuários de substâncias psicoativas: revisão sistemática

2013 
Objective: A systematic review on the association between stressful events and relapse in psychoactive substance users. Method: A systematic literature review, based on electronic data platforms EBSCO, ProQuest, PubMed/Medline and Web of Science. The descriptor terms used were: substance abuse, substance dependence, drug abuse, drug addiction, stressful events, stressful life events, stress. The precipitate was defined as being the stressor event, and, as the outcome, the relapse. Results: The level of stress increased the risk of relapse in 1,66 and acute stressful events increased almost three times the risk. The most prevalent stressors events were the death of a parent or guardian and chronic financial difficulties. Conclusions: Individuals with a history of stressful events in childhood are more susceptible to substance abuse. Chronic stressors and acute stressors increase the risk of relapse, and the acute events nearly tripled the risk and reduced the duration of abstinence. This demonstrates the need for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of the chemically dependent who is most vulnerable.
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