Novel tryptophan metabolic pathways in auxin biosynthesis in silkworm

Abstract In the course of our study of the biosynthetic pathway of auxin, a class of phytohormones, in insects, we proposed the biosynthetic pathway tryptophan (Trp) → indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) → indole-3-acetadehyde (IAAld) → indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In this study, we identified two branches in the metabolic pathways in the silkworm, possibly affecting the efficiency of IAA production: Trp → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole-3-lactic acid and IAAld → indole-3-ethanol. We also determined the apparent conversion activities (2.05 × 10 −7  U mL −1 for Trp → IAA, 1.30 × 10 −5  U mL −1 for IAOx → IAA, and 3.91 × 10 −1  U mL −1 for IAAld → IAA), which explain why IAOx and IAAld are barely detectable as either endogenous compounds or metabolites of their precursors. The failure to detect IAAld, even in the presence of an inhibitor of the conversion IAAld → IAA, is explained by a switch in the conversion from IAAld → IAA to IAAld → IEtOH.