Cementogenesis and osteogenesis in periodontal tissue regeneration by recombinant human transforming growth factor-β3 : a pilot study in Papio ursinus.

Objectives To investigate cementogenesis and alveolar bone induction during in vivo periodontal tissue regeneration upon implantation of hTGF-β3 in furcation defects of Papio ursinus and to evaluate the feasibility of gene expression studies. Materials and Methods Class II furcation defects (day 0) were prepared in mandibular first and second molars of three P. ursinus and on day 30 implanted with and without 75μg hTGF-β3 in Matrigel®matrix. On day 0, 30 and 90, cementum and alveolar bone were harvested for gene expression analyses. Coral-derived bioreactors with and without 250μg hTGF-β3 were implanted in the rectus abdominis to monitor tissue induction. Results hTGF-β3 induced cementogenesis with TGF-β3, Cementum Protein-1 (Cemp1) and Osteocalcin (OC) up-regulation, and down-regulation of BMP-2 and OP-1. Matrigel®matrix specimens showed up-regulation of BMP-2, TGF-β3, and OC, with down-regulation of OP-1 and Cemp1. hTGF-β3 induced alveolar bone with down-regulation of OP-1, TGF-β3, OC, and Cemp1. hTGF-β3 bioreactors induced bone at the periphery only. BMP-3, BMP-4, TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 were up-regulated in the adjacent muscle with TGF-β2 downregulation. Conclusions Cementogenesis and osteogenesis by hTGF-β3 entail the expression and up-regulation of TGF-β3, OC with fine tuning and modulation of BMP-2 and OP-1. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.