Autopercepção do tamanho corporal em escolares: um estudo transversal

Introduction : Early identification of inaccuracies in body size estimations can be fundamental to plan and accomplish more effective prevention and treatment actions related to body image perception and disorders. Objective : To assess the prevalence of overestimation and underestimation of body size in thin, normal-weight, and obese schoolchildren and the factors associated. Methods : Cross-sectional and school-based study conducted in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The study was conducted with a sample of 1,530 schoolchildren from seven to ten years old enrolled at public and private schools in Florianopolis-SC, Brazil. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, as well as their perceptions on body image, were analyzed. Perceptions of body size were evaluated using the Figure Rating Scales for Brazilian Children. Logistic regression was used to analyze associations. Results : The prevalence of thinness or normal-weight schoolchildren who considered themselves with obesity was 10%. None of the schoolchildren with obesity considered themselves thin or normal-weighted. Considering thin and normal-weight schoolchildren, a desired body image equivalent to obesity was associated with an overestimation of their own obesity (odds ratio = 2.64, P < 0.05). Overweight in female schoolchildren was associated with an underestimation of self-thinness (odds ratio = 3.07, P < 0.05). Conclusions : Self-overestimation and underestimation of body sizes were observed among 7-10 year-old schoolchildren, particularly females. Further studies using different variables and methodological approaches are needed to know in depth the causes of distorted body image.