Cytogenetics and Genetic Stocks for Physical Mapping and Sequencing

Barley is a model for other Triticeae genomes and is frequently used for cytological studies. In this chapter, we focus on cytogenetic approaches helping to improve physical mapping of the barley genome and describe the previous utilization of repetitive and low-copy probes successfully applied to barley. We demonstrate how the analysis of barley centromeres provided a better understanding of the process of uniparental chromosome elimination resulting in haploid plants. In addition, we describe how the downsizing of barley chromosomes was achieved by the production of aneuploids, and the application of the gametocidal system and telomere seeding.