Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: What you need to know and do as a GP

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder with clinical manifestations of anovulatory infertility and hyperandrogenism with oligomenorrhea/amenorrhoea, hirsuitism and acne. There is a higher prevalence of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, type2 diabetes, hyperinsulinaemia and adverse cardiovascular profile in these patients. The complicated interplay between genetic factors, abdominal obesity and insulin resistance play a key role in pathophysiology. Management should be tailored to individual needs. The understanding of the principles of management of long term implications aids to offer holistic approach to this disorder. Many different therapies may be offered to regulate menstrual cycle, induce ovulation and improve signs of hyperandrogenism. Lifestyle improvement and weight reduction are the most important predictors of long term health. This article is aimed to guide general practice especially emphasising the long term management, evidence for use of various therapies and points of referral to specialist.