Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, histological gastritis, and functional dyspepsia

BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is still controversial as to whether or not Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, histological gastritis, and functional dyspepsia (FD) are intercorrelated. We prospectively evaluated patients with functional dyspepsia in an attempt to clarify this issue. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-eight consecutive patients with functional dyspepsia (age range: 18-84 years) who did not show disease(s) other than gastritis were investigated. In a questionnaire they were asked to report the presence or absence of 8 upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and to score them from 0 (absence) to 3 (severe), whereupon a sum score was calculated. Forty age-matched subjects with a sum score of <3 served as controls. Biopsy specimens for histology, bacterial culture, and rapid urease test were taken. A C13-urease breath test was also performed in 122 subjects. RESULTS: H. pylori infection was present in 43% of patients with functional dyspepsia and 35% of control subjects (not significant (n.s.)). None of the symptoms were correlated with H. pylori infection. The median symptom sum score was 8.5 in H. pylori-positive and 9.5 in H. pylori-negative patients with functional dyspepsia (n.s.). Histological gastritis was strongly associated with H. pylori infection but was not correlated with any of the symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective population of patients with functional dyspepsia, H. pylori infection or gastritis are not associated with specific or severe symptoms. Our data imply that H. pylori gastritis is not an important condition in the pathogenesis of dyspeptic complaints.