An Extremely Inexpensive, Simple, and Flexible Carbon Fiber Electrode for Tunable Elastomeric Piezo-Resistive Sensors and Devices Realized by LSTM RNN

Here we describe the utility of a carbon fiber (CF) electrode that is inexpensive, simple, flexible, and can be embedded with elastomeric nano-composite piezo-resistive sensors fabricated from silicone rubber (Eco-flex) blended with carbon-nanotubes (CNTs) and various wt% of silicone thinner (ST) to tune the sensitivity and softness range. The performance of the CF electrode was evaluated on the basis of piezo-resistive responses from the sensors subjected to dynamic sinusoidal compressive strains at different levels and frequencies. The responses were positive-pressure effects with rate-dependent asymmetric non-linear hysteresis characteristics. Developing a mathematical model to describe the rate-dependent asymmetric non-linear hysteresis behavior is technically impossible, therefore, we employed an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based hysteresis modeling, Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (LSTM RNN) to describe the hysteresis non-linearity. The de-bonding strength of the CF electrode was de...