A hybrid (iron–fat–water) phantom for liver iron overload quantification in the presence of contaminating fat using magnetic resonance imaging

Objective Assessment of iron content in the liver is crucial for diagnosis/treatment of iron-overload diseases. Nonetheless, T2*-based methods become challenging when fat and iron are simultaneously present. This study proposes a phantom design concomitantly containing various concentrations of iron and fat suitable for devising accurate simultaneous T2* and fat quantification technique.