The Influence of Triple Tube Heat Exchanger as a Liquid Collecting System on Bio-oil Production by Pyrolysis Process

Indonesia with its abundant natural wealth and waste that has the potential to become a bioenergy barn and other chemical substances. Bio-oil is one of the products which can be obtained from the biomass originated from waste and forestry production. Pyrolysis is one way to produce bio-oil that can be used as fuel to generate electricity, chemical compound, and preservatives. Many variables influence the product in the pyrolysis process. Triple tube heat exchange is the type of condenser that can be used to collect the liquid from pyrolysis vapor. Jati Belanda (Guazuma ulimfolia Lamk) is a feedstock with a size <0.707 mm with an average moisture content of 7 wt% (dry). The reaction temperature used 500 °C with heating supply 1500 W, reaction zone heater set at 150, and 250 °C. Cooling water at ambient temperature is used to absorb the heat with an inner and outer cooling flow, also a combination of both inner and outer cooling flow. The maximum liquid smoke yield was obtained on reaction zone heater 150 °C with the inner and outer cooling flow, which is 49 wt%. The triple tube heat exchanger absorbs the maximum heat from the vapor until 35.77 W. The more expanse condensation area will produce a more liquid amount.