A Uniform Magnetic Field Produced by Rectangular Coils

To produce a better uniform magnetic field along the direction of light propagation in studying magnetometer, a pair of rectangular coils are used instead of traditional Helmholtz coils. In this work, the magnetic homogeneity in the center of the rectangular coils is calculated and discussed theoretically. We measured the magnetic field distribution along the light propagation direction of the coils in experiment proving that the field has the relative fluctuation less than 1% in the range of 30cm along the direction.