Heat Transfer of Ingot with Mold of Continuous Bar-Casting Machine

Steel is cast into 100 × 100 mm billet at speeds of 5 − 5.5 m/min or more on the six-strand continuous barcasting machine in the electrosmelting shop at OAO Severstal, using a sleeve mold (length 1 m) with working walls of parabolic conical form. There has been practically no study of the heat transfer in continuouscasting molds in such conditions. A corrosion-resistant steel casing is fitted on the chrome-plated curvilinear copper sleeve (of thickness 11 mm); the profile of the casing and sleeve is the same. The gap between the sleeve and the casing is 5 mm. Cooling water moves upward in this gap at about 15 m/s. The flow rate of cooling water is 120 m 3 /h, on average. Rape oil is used to lubricate the mold. The liquid-metal volume is maintained at (71 ± 5)% of the mold’s working height (0.71 m), on average. The metal level in the mold is regulated by varying the casting rate. The residence time of the ingot in the mold in steady casting is 5.5‐13 s. The automatic control system of the continuouscasting machine continuously records the following characteristics and compiles the corresponding database: the casting speed v , m/min; the flow rate of cooling water V , m 3 /h; the temperature difference of the cooling water in the mold ∆ t w , C ; and the liquid-metal level in the mold ϕ , %. A radioactive sensor measures ϕ to within ± 3.0 mm. Experimental data from the six strands of the contin