Psikolojik Şiddetin Bireysel ve Örgütsel Yansimasi: Yildirma Individual and organizational reflection of psychological violence: mobbing

Yildirma olgusu, gecmisten gunumuze kadar bilinmesine ragmen, uzerinde fazla dusunulmemis, arastirilmamis ve genel olarak yasanan bir durum olarak dogal karsilanmistir. Ancak son yillarda dunyanin her yerinde giderek yayginlasan yildirma eylemleri, orgutsel psikoloji alaninda calisanlar basta olmak uzere konunun artan bir ilgiyle arastirilmasina neden olmustur. Tum sektorlerde yildirma magdurlari olmakla birlikte ozellikle saglik sektorunde calisanlarin % 50'sinin yildirma magduru oldugu belirtilmektedir. Hem kadin olmalari hem de saglik sektorunde calismalari dolayisiyla hemsireler en riskli grup olarak siklikla yildirmaya maruz kalmaktadir. Hemsireligin, hasta bakiminda ve hizmet kalitesinde yarattigi dogrudan etki, bu sektor calisanlarini acisindan konunun degerlendirilmesini gerektirmektedir. Arastirma, hemsire orneklemi uzerinde survey yontemi esas alinarak yapilmistir. Arastirmada elde edilen bulgulara gore, yildirma davranislari acisindan "calisma kalitesi ve mesleki duruma yonelik yildirma davranislari" ilk sirada yer almaktadir. Bu davranislar, ozel ve universite hastanelerine oranla kamu hastanesinde daha fazla belirlenmistir. En dusuk seviyede gorunen yildirma boyutu, "sagliga dogrudan saldiri davranislari"dir. Yildirma davranislarinin yarattigi etkiler itibariyle ilk sirada dikkat ceken "ise yonelik etkiler"dir. Bu konuda kurumsal olarak kamu hastanesi ilk sirada yer almaktadir. Arastirma sonuclari bir butun olarak dikkate alindiginda yildirmanin kisisel degil, orgutsel ve yonetsel bir sistem sorunu oldugu belirtilebilir. Mobbing, though known from the past to the present for some time, is neither considered much nor examined broadly in academic terms, but accepted as natural. However, mobbing is on the agenda for scientific inspection especially by organizational psychologists for its global wide spread. It is stated that half of health professionals are victims of mobbing, though mobbing victims are in all sectors. Nurses, as for being woman and working in health sector, are frequently faced with mobbing. Thus, it is important to consider studying mobbing in health sector with special reference to nurses since they directly contribute to patient recovery and service quality. This paper aims to discuss mobbing in reference to nurses empirically. In related to that, nurses are evaluated whether they are experienced mobbing from whom with some potential causes and results. The research has been conducted over the sample constituted by nurses with survey method. The findings reveal that mobbing towards work quality and professional position comes first. Public hospitals are places that this type of mobbing is seen more compared to private and university hospitals. The least seen type of mobbing is the one directed to health status. Among the effects which are results of mobbing are the ones towards the institution. Again public hospitals institutionally rank first in this dimension. As a result mobbing is evaluated as product of organizational and managerial system rather than that of being the result of personal characteristics.