Tuberculosis after Solid-Organ Transplant: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Characteristics in the RESITRA (Spanish Network of Infection in Transplantation) Cohort

(95% confidence interval (CI), 317-783), which was higher than that in the general population in Spain (18.9 cases per 10 5 inhabitants per year; relative risk (RR), 26.6). The highest incidence (2072 cases per 10 5 patients per year; 95% CI, 565-5306) was observed among lung transplant recipients (RR, 73.3). Of the TB cases, 95% occurred within the first year after transplant, and 76% were pulmonary forms. Crude mortality was 19.0%, and attributable mortality was 9.5%. Multivariate analysis identified recipient age (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1) and receipt of a lung transplant (RR, 5.6; 95%, 1.9-16.9) as independent risk factors. Conclusions. TB incidence is increased among SOT recipients. The risk factors identified were age and receipt of a lung transplant. TB-attributable mortality (9.5%) is still high.