Between territorial and virtual proximities. The digitization process of the French ecosystem of complementary local currencies

In less than 10 years, \"complementary local currencies\" have multiplied in France and have created a dynamic ecosystem. While almost all of them have developed with the introduction of paper money (notes), there is now a rapid shift towards digital tools, which for many analysts appears to be an essential factor in moving to a new stage in the development of these currencies. \r\nIn part one, the paper will discuss the challenges of this transition and the competitive/complementary relationships between local currencies and cryptocurrencies in the French context. The second part will study the strategies of actors to position themselves in the ongoing reconfiguration of the ecosystem. It will study the competition between digital solutions being adopted by complementary local currencies and consider the possibility of a new generation of local currencies in France through the emergence of FinTech players.