Organizational Changes in Forest Management

This chapter describes the evolution of forest management organizations in the tropics from pre-colonial times up to the present, based on a review of literature and on case studies. In general, organizations are designed to suit the prevailing political and economic frame conditions. Generic models for forest management organizations are identified. The portfolio of these models is struc- tured according to the sources of their production factors, namely labor, capital and land. Some contemporary organization models are outlined, detailing the inputs, the processes and the outputs. The models' functions, specific designs and relevance for rural development are stressed. Steering, monitoring and enforcement of capacity are understood as core issues with respect to further development of forest man- agement organizations.