Prevenção do pé diabético: revisão integrativa da literatura

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, complex and long-term disabling disease. For intervention with patients to be more effective, health professionals must have a support of theoretical knowledge and develop skills for better performance in terms of health education, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment. Despite greater investment in this area, diagnosis, therapy and prevention of diabetes complications are problems that remain in the daily practice of health professionals. This review aims to identify the preventive measures for one of the most frequent and devastating complications of this disease: the diabetic foot. An integrative literature review was carried out on studies addressing the issue of prevention of diabetic foot, research was carried out on PubMed, B-On, Web of Science and SCIELO of studies published between January 2014 and June 2020, evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria previously established. The review corpus consisted of 7 articles. The analysis of the included articles indicates that all are consensual regarding health interventions in the prevention of diabetic foot, all focused the importance of education for diabetic patients, regardless of their age group, giving priority to self-care teaching. The diabetic foot is a serious health problem in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Based on the results obtained, it can be inferred that the prevention of diabetic foot is an indispensable tool in nursing interventions, highlighting health education in order to enable the person to manage the disease, symptoms and prevent complications.