High-speed single-molecule imaging reveals signal transduction by induced transbilayer raft phases

Using single-molecule imaging with enhanced time resolutions down to 5 ms, we found that CD59-cluster rafts and GM1-cluster rafts stably induced in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM), which triggered the activation of Lyn, H-Ras, and ERK, continually recruited Lyn and H-Ras right beneath them in the inner leaflet, with dwell lifetimes of