Estudo das caracterı́sticas de ondas milimétricas para os sistemas 5G

The increasing demand for increased data traffic capacities in mobile devices and the scarcity of spectrum in the licensed frequencies up to 6 GHz makes millimeter wavebands a key resource to meet the operating requirements of the fifth generation of mobile cellular networks (5G) . Exploitation of these bands faces particular challenges, such as significant attenuation by atmospheric gases and rainfall on long-range links, and high shadowing effect due to low diffraction and penetration, in case of obstacle blocking. The present work makes a characterization of the mechanisms of propagation in millimeter waves, atmospheric contributions and the role of distance on path loss. It shows the result of the study of large-scale propagation models considered in the modeling of path loss in open urban (UMi-SC) and office (indoor) scenarios in line of sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments. Some of the paradigms predicted for millimeter waves in the 5G, applicability of these bands in mobile access networks, results in capacity tests performed by market leaders and national initiatives for provision of spectrum in a global effort for harmonization in the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT).