A Two-Layer Cluster Head Selection Based on Distance in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy-awareness is a critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Clustering protocol is a efficient way to prolong the network lifetime. To balancing cluster, it’s important to select cluster head(CH). Previous researches have utilized information for selecting CH, probability, residual energy, density of neighbor nodes, neighbor energy and so on. However, some are not sufficient to uniformly distribute CH, others spend numerous energy to collect necessary information. We propose a two-layer cluster head selection based on distance. Sensor nodes are divided into two layer, first layer and second layer that is sub layer of first layer, and sequence per each layer according to distance between nodes and base station(BS). CH is selected in same sequence of second layer without communication with other nodes. Simulations show that this proposed protocol could enhance the network lifetime.