Artritis neumocócica en población pediátrica
2017
espanolIntroduccion. Se revisan los casos de artritis septica en poblacion pediatrica por Streptococcus pneumoniae en el Area Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela. Material y metodos. Se realizo una revision retrospectiva de los aislamientos de S. pneumoniae en liquidos articulares en ninos el periodo de enero de 2005 a marzo de 2014. Resultados. De los 7.416 liquidos articulares recibidos en el Servicio de Microbiologia, 77 pertenecian a pacientes pediatricos, y de ellos, solamente 8 tuvieron cultivo positivo. En total fueron tres casos positivos para S. pneumoniae, dos con cultivo positivo y un tercero con deteccion antigenica positiva en el liquido articular. En los tres pacientes (dos de ellos menores de 15 meses) la articulacion afectada fue la cadera, se combino el tratamiento antibiotico con el drenaje quirurgico y la evolucion fue favorable. Conclusiones. La artritis neumococica es una entidad que debe ser tenida en cuenta ya que la mayoria de los cuadros de artritis en poblacion pediatrica aparecen como complicacion de una bacteriemia posterior a un cuadro catarral o una otitis. El mayor riesgo de secuelas se asocia a retrasos en el diagnostico, por ello es imprescindible un diagnostico precoz clinico y microbiologico. EnglishIntroduction. Cases of septic arthritis in paediatric population by Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Health Area of Santiago de Compostela (Spain) were reviewed. Material and methods. A retrospective study from January 2005 to March 2014 was conducted for all S. pneumoniae isolates obtained from joint fluids in children. Results. From the 7,416 joint fluids received in the Microbiology Department, 77 belonged to paediatric patients, and of these, only 8 had positive culture. In total, there were three positive cases for S. pneumoniae, two with positive culture and a third with positive antigen detection. In the three patients (two of them under 15 months) the affected joint was hip, antibiotic treatment was combined with surgical drainage and evolution was favourable. Conclusions. We conclude that pneumococcal arthritis is an entity that must be taken into account since most cases of arthritis in paediatric population appear as a complication of bacteraemia after a common cold or an ear infection. The greatest risk of sequel is associated with delays in diagnosis, so it is essential clinical and microbiological early diagnosis.
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