Frontiers in research for bone biomaterials

Abstract Although bone grafting with autologous or allogeneic sources still remains as a gold standard, there is high demand for alternative approach for the treatment of patients. Various biomaterials including natural or synthetic materials, and their composite have been utilized for rapid bone regeneration. However, conventional biomaterials are not ideal and those enabling simultaneously provision of structural support and active induction of tissue regeneration are needed. In particular, frontiers in bone biomaterials have been designed with capability of delivering biologic, structural, and compositional features of natural bone extracellular matrix microenvironment. In this review, we categorize and summarize representative approaches.