High prevalence of reduced bone mineral density in primary HIV-1-infected men

Results: Mean age was 38 (SD 9) years and mean body mass index (BMI) 22.7 (SD 3.3) kg/m 2 . Twenty-four men (73%) had a negative or indeterminate Western blot, 32 men (97%) were combination antiretroviral therapy-naive. Mean plasma HIV-1 RNA was 5.0 (SD 1.2) log10copies/ml. Mean lumbar spine T (� 0.8, SD 1.3, P ¼0.001) and Z-scores (� 0.7, SD 1.3, P ¼0.004) and femoral neck T-score (� 0.5, SD 0.9, P ¼0.003) were significantly lower compared to the reference population. 15/33 men (45%) had osteopenia and 2/33 (6%) osteoporosis. Markers of bone turnover did not differ between patients with or without osteopenia/osteoporosis. Age was negatively associated with femoral neck (b-coefficient ¼� 0.05, P <0.001) and total hip T-scores (b ¼� 0.03, P ¼0.04). BMI was associated with lumbar spine (b ¼0.3), femoral neck (b ¼0.2) and total hip (b ¼0.2) T-scores (P <0.001) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with lumbar spine (b ¼0.5, P ¼0.045) and femoral neck T-scores (b ¼0.4, P ¼0.005). Increased plasma viral load was associated with lower total hip T-scores (b ¼� 0.2, P ¼0.02). Conclusions: Reduced BMD was prevalent in PHI men and was associated with increased age, lower BMI and TSH levels, and higher levels of HIV-1 viremia. 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins AIDS 2010, 24:000‐000