Piston supercharged material steam explosion method and device

The invention provides a piston supercharged material steam explosion method, comprising the following steps: feeding materials into a tank from the feed inlet of the tank, and introducing a steam explosion gas into the tank after the feed inlet is closed; when the materials are heated to a steam explosion temperature, pushing a supercharged piston in the tank to compress the materials, so that the tank is boosted to the steam explosion pressure; fast relieving the pressure so as to expand and crush the materials; and discharging the materials. The invention also provides a steam explosion device, comprising the tank, wherein the tank is internally provided with the supercharged piston; the tank between the initial position of the supercharged piston and the closed end of the tank is provided with a heating jacket, the feed inlet and a discharge outlet; the heating jacket is provided with the inlet and the outlet of a heating medium; and the inlet and the outlet of the heating medium and the discharge outlet are respectively provided with a valve.