Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Outcome of Infective Endocarditis due to Abiotrophia Species and Granulicatella Species: Report of 76 Cases, 2000–2015

Abstract Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Abiotrophia (ABI) and Granulicatella (GRA) is poorly studied. This work aims to describe and compare the main features of ABI and GRA IE. We performed a retrospective study of 12 IE institutional cases of GRA or ABI and of 64 cases published in the literature (overall, 38 ABI and 38 GRA IE cases). ABI/GRA IE represented 1.51% of IE cases in our institution between 2000-2015, compared to 0.88% of HACEK-related IE and 16.62% of Viridans group Streptococci (VGS) IE. Institutional ABI/GRA IE case characteristics were comparable to that of VGS, but periannular complications were more frequent (p=0.008). Congenital heart disease was reported in 4 (10.5%) ABI and in 11 (28.9%) GRA cases (p=0.04). Mitral valve was more frequently involved in ABI than in GRA (p