Epidemic Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Renal Dialysis Centers in Egypt

analysis; 34 (62%) of 55 patients from UCA and 5 (42%) of 12 patients from PCA were HIVinfected. The HIV seroconversion risk at UCA varied significantly with day and shift of dialysis session. Practices that resulted in sharing of syringes among patients were observed at both centers. The analyzed V3 loop sequences of the HIV strain of 12 outbreak patients were 196% related to each other. V3 loop sequences from each of 8 HIV-infected Egyptians unrelated to the 1993 epidemic were only 76%‐89% related to those from outbreak strains. Dialysis patients may be at risk for HIV infection if infection control guidelines are not followed.