On-line monitoring method for settlement and convergence in building construction and operation periods

The invention relates to an on-line monitoring method for settlement and convergence in building construction and operation periods, in particular relates to a laser displacement sensor-based on-line monitoring method for the settlement and the convergence in a construction process and an operation period of vault crowns and haunches of tunnel and subway buildings, and belongs to the fields of building and highway engineering, and applied to the industry of structural safety and health monitoring. The online monitoring method disclosed by the invention can be used for solving problems of complex installation, expensive equipment, great outside influence on the structure, high requirement on installation and using environments and the like in known methods for on-line monitoring of the vault crown settlement of tunnels and subways in construction and operation periods.