Pre–eclampsia and dyslipidaemia a case control study: an experience of tertiary healthcare centre in central India

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy which is characterized by hypertension with proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation in previously normotensive and non proteinuric pregnant women. Pre-eclampsia associated with intrauterine growth retardation, preterm birth, maternal and perinatal death. Dyslipidaemia has been shown to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the disease and often precede linical manifestations. Objective: To compare the serum lipid profile in pre-eclampsia case and normal pregnant women and to assess its role in pre-eclampsia. Material and Method:158 patients of which 79 pre-eclampsia (cases) and 79 (controls) were selected randomly and were matched with their gestational age in patient who Attending ANC clinic at Department of obstetrics and genecology in March 2016 to August 2017. Lipid profile was estimated by the Randoximola is a compact fully automated clinical chemistry analyser. Result: We observed that pre-eclampsia is more common in young age pregnant women with low socioeconomic status with strenuous activities. The mean age was 24.51±3.707 years. The mean cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, value is analysed with control group showing significantly increase (p<0.0001) and HDL value significantly decreasedin pre-eclampsia patient in comparison to the normal control group (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Young age, nulliparity, low socio-economic status specially labour occupation, dyslipidaemic pregnant women were found to be more prone to develop pre-eclampsia. Proper history tacking, examination and estimation of lipid profile may be helpful forearly diagnosis and management of pre–eclampsia in order to prevent fetal and maternal complications especially in nulliparous women.