Growth and Characterization of Epitaxial Graphene on SiC Induced by Carbon Evaporation

By carbon evaporation under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions, epitaxial graphene can be grown on SiC(0001) at significantly lower temperatures than with conventional Si sublimation. Therefore, the degradation of the initial SiC surface morphology can be avoided. The layers of graphene are characterized by low energy electron diffraction (LEED), angle resolved ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (ARUPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). On SiC the graphene lattice is rotated by 30o in comparison to preparation by annealing in UHV alone.