A súlyos akut légzőszervi szindrómát okozó koronavírus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) orvosilag releváns aspektusai állatokban

2021 
Osszefoglalo. A mikroszkop felfedezese ota tudjuk, hogy az egymassal szoros kozelsegben elo egyedeknek nem csupan a lathato elohelyuk kozos, hanem szemmel nem erzekelheto mikroorganizmusokat is megosztanak egymassal, melyek bizonyos fokban adaptalodtak gazdaikhoz. Az emberek eletterenek bovulesevel es ezzel parhuzamosan az allatok elohelyenek csokkenesevel azonban uj allatfajok kerulhetnek veszelyes kozelsegbe, ami kovetkezmenyes mikrobaatadassal es az uj gazdaban a mikroba eltero viselkedesevel jarhat. Feltetelezhetoen ez a jelenseg vezetett a sulyos akut legzoszervi szindroma koronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) kialakulasahoz, mely 2019-ben jelent meg eloszor emberekben, es nehany honap leforgasa alatt milliokat fertozott meg az egesz vilagon. A pandemia lekuzdesehez es az ujabb jarvanyok megelozesehez minden lehetseges eszkozt fel kell hasznalni, ami egyuttmukodest kivan a humanorvoslas es az allatgyogyaszat, valamint az okologiai, evolucios es kornyezeti tudomanyok szakemberei kozott a globalis "Egy Egeszseg" kereteben. A kozos celok erdekeben torteno osszefogas jegyeben a jelen tanulmany allatorvos es humanorvos szerzoparosa osszefoglalja azon ismereteket, amelyek a SARS-CoV-2 vonatkozasaban mindket szakma szamara erdemlegesek lehetnek. Bemutatasra kerul a virus eredete, termeszetes es mesterseges elofordulasa kulonbozo allatfajokban, valamint az allati koronavirusokkal kapcsolatos azon tapasztalatok, amelyek hozzajarulhatnak a SARS-CoV-2 mukodesenek megertesehez es az ellene valo vedekezes tokeletesitesehez. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(5): 163-170. Summary. Introduction: Since the discovery of the microscope, we have known that individuals living in close proximity to each other share not only their visible habitat, but also invisible microorganisms that have adapted to some degree to their hosts. However, as human habitat expands and, in parallel, animal territory declines, new animal species can come into dangerous proximity, which may result in consequential transmission of microbes and different microbial behaviour in the new host. Presumably, this phenomenon led to the development of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which first appeared in humans in 2019 and infected millions over the course of a few months worldwide. All possible means must be used to combat the pandemic and prevent further epidemics, which will require cooperation between professionals in human medicine and veterinary medicine as well as in the ecological, evolutionary and environmental sciences, within the framework of the global "One Health". In a spirit of working together for common goals, the authors of this study, a veterinarian and a human physician, summarize the knowledge that may be relevant to both professions for SARS-CoV-2. The origin of the virus, its natural and artificial occurrence in different animal species, and experiences with animal coronaviruses that may contribute to the understanding of the functioning of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of protection against it are presented. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(5): 163-170.
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