Trust in Automated Agents is Modulated by the Combined Influence of Agent and Task Type

Trust in automation is an important topic in the field of human factors and has a substantial impact on both attitudes towards and performance with automated systems. One variable that has been shown to influence trust is the degree of human-likeness that is displayed by the automated system with the main finding being that increased human-like appearance leads to increased ratings of trust. In the current study, we investigate whether humanness unanimously leads to higher trust or whether the degree to which an agent is trusted depends on context variables (i.e., task type). For that purpose, we created a task with a social (i.e., judging emotional states from the eye region) and an analytical component (i.e., mathematical task) and measured how strongly participants complied to human, avatar or computer agents when performing the social versus the analytical version with them. We hypothesized that human-like agents are trusted more on social tasks, while machine-like agents are trusted more on analytica...