Insights from Real-World Analysis of Treatment Patterns in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Knee Osteoarthritis

Background Several nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments are available for the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA)-related pain and for improving functionality; however, clinical guideline recommendations vary on their use. Objective To compare the treatment patterns in a real-world setting versus the guideline recommendations for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with knee OA. Methods This retrospective analysis used data from the electronic health records of the Geisinger Health System between January 1, 2010, and December 2018 to identify adults with newly diagnosed knee OA who had not received previous therapy with intra-articular corticosteroids, opioids, intra-articular hyaluronic acid, or prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Eligible patients were evaluated for the mutually exclusive treatment categories after diagnosis, including prescription NSAIDs, intra-articular corticosteroids, intra-articular hyaluronic acid (specifically an intra-articular bioengineered hyaluronic acid), opioids, physical therapy, bracing, and total knee arthroplasty. These 7 treatment categories were evaluated for utilization patterns in the real-world setting. Results A total of 8776 patients with a new diagnosis of knee OA were identified; 88.2% of them received 1 of the 7 evaluated treatments. The most frequently prescribed first treatment was intra-articular corticosteroids (26%), followed by opioids (17.6%), and intra-articular bioengineered hyaluronic acid (14.9%). The most often prescribed second treatment was opioids (15.8%), followed by physical therapy (14%), NSAIDs (11.8%), and intra-articular bioengineered hyaluronic acid (9.6%). Of note, 22.9% of the patients received only 1 evaluated therapy during the study period and did not receive a second treatment. Conclusions Real-world treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed knee OA indicate that prescribers are using the spectrum of the available therapies that, at times, are different from the current treatment guideline recommendations.