Spatial distribution and correlation of important edaphic and climatic gradients in Tanawal area of Himalayas, Pakistan

Abstract This study was conducted during 2015–2016. Extensive field work was conducted to collect and record huge amount of data on important environmental variables. Data was collected using reliable digital equipment with high precision and accuracy where possible. Material and samples collected for chemical analysis were based upon standardized methods used by prestigious labs across the globe. The results showed that July (Temperature 33.67 °C) is the warmest while December(19.1 °C) is the coldest month of the year in the study area. Air humidity ranges from 52.44% to23.22% between Union councils (UCs). Steepness of the slope or slope angle was found between 55.5 and 24°. Soil pH was between 7.39 and 6.55. Soil Nitrogen contents were found to be in a range of 0.0543% and 0.0320%. as far as soil organic matter is concerned it was recorded in a range of 0.77% and 0.48%. electric conductivity was between2.56 dS/m and 2.393 dS/m. Interaction among different environmental variables results in the establishment of different environmental complexes each with specific microclimate.