Treatment of Anaphylaxis to Rocuronium with Sugammadex: A Case Report with Bronchospasm as the Only Symptom

Anaphylaxis during anaesthesia is a rare event occurring in up to 1:20,000 anaesthetics and in 33%–63% neuromuscular blocking agents are involved. Several case reports suggested the effectiveness of sugammadex in the treatment of rocuronium-induced anaphylactic shock refractory to conventional treatment. We report a case of anaphylactic reaction to rocuronium that caused isolated respiratory symptoms and showed no improvement in oxygen saturation after intravenous corticosteroids and intratracheal beta-2 agonists and that was successfully treated with sugammadex. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that explain the potential beneficial effect of sugammadex in this context are not completely known. We briefly review the literature regarding this topic.