The relaxant effect of adrenomedullin on particular smooth muscles despite a general expression of its mRNA in smooth muscle, endothelial and epithelial cells

By use of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we determined the expression of adrenomedullin (AM) mRNA in the various tissues of the pig. To evaluate the significance of the expression of AM mRNA, we also determined the effects of AM on the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and tension development of the porcine smooth muscle strips obtained from the coronary artery, pulmonary vein, trachea, ileum and urinary bladder. AM mRNA was widely expressed in the porcine tissues examined, which included myocardium (left and right ventricle and right atrium), kidney, lung, endothelial cells (aorta and aortic valve), smooth muscles (aorta, main pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, renal artery and vein, coronary artery, ileum, trachea and urinary bladder) and epithelial cells (trachea and urinary bladder). AM induced a decrease in [Ca2+]i and tension of the coronary artery, but not the pulmonary vein. AM had no effects on either the [Ca2+]i or tension of the trachea and urinary bladder strips or on the tension development of strips of ileum. These results indicated that AM has a role as an autocrine and/or paracrine regulator of the coronary arterial tone. AM probably does not have an important role in the regulation of the pulmonary venous, tracheal, ileac and urinary bladder smooth muscle tone, even though AM mRNA is expressed in these tissues; the functional significance of AM in these smooth muscles remains to be determined. British Journal of Pharmacology (1997) 120, 193–200; doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0700881