Comparative Tests of Friction Losses in Cement Lined and Tar Coated Cast Iron Pipe

The tests were made at the Hydraulic Laboratory of the University of Illinois for the American Cast Iron Pipe Company of Birmingham, Alabama, on 4-inch, 6-inch, and 8-inch pipe furnished by the Company. The purpose of the tests was to determine the loss of head in cement lined and tar coated pipe for various rates of flow. The pipe lines were laid outward from the Hydraulics Laboratory as shown in figure 1, along a concrete sidewalk and returned to the laboratory with the return pipe vertically above the outgoing line and resting on wooden supports, as shown in figure 2. Twenty lengths of cement lined pipe were laid in the outgoing line and eighteen lengths of tar coated pipe in the return line. The return bend consisted of two 8-inch standard cast-iron quarter bends with suitable reducers in the case of the 4-inch and 6-inch pipe tests. This arrangement is shown in figure 3. The pipe lines were set up by experienced workmen. The joints were made with lead and jute and there was no leakage from the' lines during the tests. The alignment of the different pipe lines was very good. The average internal diameters of the pipes were determined by