A direct comparison of water calorimetry and Fricke dosimetry

Considerable effort has been devoted to measuring the absorbed dose to water using water calorimetry. Most of these efforts have been hampered by a lack of adequate knowledge of the heat defect of water. The authors argue that there is now sufficient information to establish with considerable confidence the heat defect of high-purity water containing various dissolved gases. For the present work the authors used water saturated with a 50/50 mixture of H2 and O2 gases, for which the heat defect is calculated to be -2.1%. As a test of this assignment, they have compared the absorbed dose to water as measured using water calorimetry with that obtained from Fricke dosimetry. The authors find that for 20 MV X-rays, the dose to water determined by water calorimetry is 1.006+or-0.004 times the dose determined by Fricke dosimetry. Within 0.6(+or-0.4)%, this result supports the calculated heat defect of -2.1% for water saturated with a 50/50 mixture of H2 and O2 gases.