三棱角油菜两类角果的酯酶同工酶和过氧化物酶同工酶比较分析 Analysis of Esterase Isozymograms and Peroxidase Isozymograms on Two Kinds of Pods of Triquetrum-Pod Rapeseed

本文以3个甘蓝型三棱角油菜为材料，在油菜花角期对各材料长度分别为1 cm、3 cm以及5 cm三个不同发育阶段的幼嫩三棱角果(三室)和普通角果(两室)的酯酶(EST)和过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶进行聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳和酶谱的比较分析，以研究三室角果与两室角果在EST和POD同工酶水平上的异同性。研究结果表明：1) 同一材料相同发育阶段三室角果和两室角果的EST同工酶，其带型表现一致，无明显差异，但个别同工酶的酶活性有一定的差异；同一材料相同发育阶段两者的POD同工酶，其带型也表现一致，只是少数同工酶的酶活性有一定的差异。2) 同一材料在三个不同发育阶段的三室角果或两室角果的EST同工酶带型无明显差异，POD同工酶带型也无明显差异，但酶活性存在一定的差异。3) 对EST同工酶和POD同工酶而言，角果越小，酶活性越强，即随着角果的生长发育其酶活性表现为减弱的趋势。4) 3个材料的EST同工酶酶谱比较而言，14ds67与14ds72的酶谱相似程度较高，带型一致，而14ds78的酶谱与前两者的差异较大，说明三棱角材料14ds67和14ds72的亲缘关系较近，而14ds78与前两者的亲缘关系较远。然而，3个材料的POD同工酶酶谱相比较无明显差异，酶带的一致性较好，只是少数条带的酶活性有一定的差异。5) POD同工酶酶谱的酶带数目明显少于相应材料的EST同工酶酶谱的酶带数目，而且迁移快的条带为强带。因此，三室角果与两室角果分别在EST同工酶酶谱和POD同工酶酶谱水平上表现出较强的一致性。 To study the differences of Esterase (EST) and Peroxidase (POD) isozymeograms between triquetrum-siliques (tri-loculus) and ordinary siliques (bi-loculus) of triquetrum-silique materials in Bras- sica napus L., the enzyme spectrums of young siliques of length of 1 cm, 3 cm and 5 cm from 3 selfing populations were analyzed by the polyacrylamide vertical board gel electrophoresis in flowering and silique stage of rapeseed. The results show that: 1) There were no obvious differences in EST isozyme patterns between tri-loculus siliques and bi-loculus siliques in the same developmental stages for the same materials, but there were certain differences in enzyme activity for individual isozymes. In POD isozyme patterns, tri-loculus siliques and bi-loculus siliques were also similar, but there were certain differences in enzyme activity for a few isozymes. 2) The patterns of EST isozymeograms had no significant difference to the siliques in 3 developmental stages for the same materials, the patterns of POD isozymeograms had also no significant difference, but there were some differences in enzyme activity for them. 3) On EST and POD isozymeograms, the smaller the siliques were, the stronger the enzyme activity would be, i.e., the enzyme activity showed a decreasing trend along with the growing and developing of the siliques. 4) Isozyme spectrums of EST isozymeograms of 3 materials in contrast, 14ds67 and 14ds72 had high similarity, and the patterns were consistent, but 14ds78 had greatly difference with the former two. So 14ds67 and 14ds72 had close genetic relationship, and 14ds78 was far away in genetic relationship with the former two. However, isozyme spectrums of POD isozymeograms of 3 materials had no obvious difference, and the enzyme patterns with good consistency, just a few enzyme patterns had certain differences in enzyme activity. 5) The number of bands of POD isozymeograms was significantly less than that of EST isozymeograms for the same materials, and the bands moved fastest were highest in enzyme activity in the enzyme spectrums of POD isozymeograms. Therefore, there are strong consistency in EST isozyme zymogram and POD isoenzyme zymogram, respectively, between tri-loculus siliques and bi-loculus siliques in the same developmental stages for the same materials.