Investigation of vegetable oil based nanofluid in turning D2 steel

Cutting fluid plays an important role in metal cutting process by cooling the tool-workpiece interface and removes the chips from the cutting zone. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of vegetable oil based nanofluid in turning D2 steel. In this study, two types of cutting fluid were used which are conventional vegetable oil and carbon nanofiber nanofluid in order to compare the machining performances such as surface roughness, tool wear, and cutting temperature. Besides, different levels of cutting speed and feed rate were also being compared to get the optimum machining performance. Later, the performance of cutting fluid and turning parameters were evaluated by measuring surface roughness, tool wear, and cutting temperature using portable surface roughness, stereo microscope, and thermal imager respectively. ANOVA analysis has been done to analyse the most significant factor that affect the machining performance of D2 steel. The results show that better surface roughness, lower tool wear and cutting temperature can be obtained by using carbon nanofiber nanofluid compared to conventional vegetable oil. Besides, the value of surface roughness, tool wear, and cutting temperature were decrease with the decreasing of cutting speed and feed rate. The lowest the value of cutting speed and feed rate which are 100 m/min and 0.1 mm/rev gives better surface roughness, tool wear and cutting temperature.