An Improved Random Effects Wiener Process Accelerated Degradation Test Model for Lithium-Ion Battery

For the accelerated degradation test (ADT) of lithium-ion battery, the degradation path models are usually applied with the fixed parameters. To optimize the degradation path models, so many battery cells are required for the ADT models based on the degradation path. However, for some lithium-ion batteries with long cycle life and high reliability, the samples are limited due to experimental cost constraints. Meanwhile, owing to the differences in raw materials and manufacturing processes, it is easy to observe variations among the degradation path of lithium-ion battery cells. Fortunately, Wiener process model considering the individual difference can express the variations and be modeled with limited samples for lithium-ion battery. Motivated by this issue, an improved method with random effects Wiener process (REWP) is proposed in this article. First, to verify the degradation process following the Wiener process, the Shapiro–Wilk test is carried out on the basis of a significance level of 0.05. Second, we analyze the varieties of every lithium-ion battery cell. To select a suitable Wiener process model, we apply the coefficient of variation as a measure of random parameters selection for Wiener process. Meanwhile, the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is used to optimize parameters of the proposed model. Next, the three different REWP models and general Wiener process model are compared. Finally, to demonstrate the proposed method, the lithium-ion battery cells used for a spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO) are conducted for ADTs. The results suggest that the REWP model has a better performance for assessing reliability of lithium-ion battery with long cycle life.