Do Male University Students Know Enough About Human Papillomavirus (HPV) to Make Informed Decisions About Vaccination

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV), knowledge of HPV-associated diseases, as well as willingness to undergo HPV vaccination among male university students in China, especially factors influencing vaccination willingness. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among university students in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China by using a convenience sampling method. We assessed a) the awareness of HPV, b) knowledge of HPV-associated diseases, c) willingness to undergo HPV vaccination, and d) sexual behaviors among male university students. RESULTS A total of 1274 male university students aged 16 to 26 years old were recruited to complete a self-administered questionnaire. In total, 39.6% of students had awareness of HPV. Among students who were aware of HPV, the percentage of participating students who knew that HPV causes cervical cancer, genital warts, penile cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer were 94.0%, 66.1%, 32.7%, 20.4%, and 18.7%, respectively. In total, 79.0% knew that men can acquire HPV; 38.7% were willing to receive HPV vaccination. Age, region, and major were related to the awareness of HPV. In addition, students who had previous sexual experiences had more knowledge about HPV and were more likely to express willingness to vaccinate. CONCLUSIONS Male university students do not know enough about HPV infection, and males' attitudes regarding vaccination are not sufficient. Education should be provided to promote awareness of HPV-associated diseases and vaccination.