HLA-C Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Associated with Increased Viral Load Level in HIV-1 Infected Individuals from Northeast Brazil
2017
Background: Genetic variations in Human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C), Zinc ribbon
domain containing 1 (ZNRD1) and its antisense RNA (ZNRD1-AS1) genes are known to influence
the HIV-1 replication and disease progression.
Objective and Method: We evaluated the distribution of HLA-C (rs10484554, rs9264942) and
ZNRD1 (rs8321) and ZNRD1-AS1 (rs3869068), single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 266
HIV-1-infected and 223 unexposed-uninfected individuals from Northeast Brazil and their relation
to HIV-1 infection, CD4 T cells count and viral load pre-treatment.
Results: HLA-C SNPs were in Linkage Disequilibrium (D’=0.84), constituting four possible haplotypes.
Our results showed that HLA-C, ZNRD1 and ZNRD1-AS1 SNPs as well as HLA-C haplotypes
frequencies were not significantly different between HIV-1-infected and unexposed-uninfected individuals.
In addition, we analyzed HLA-C and ZNRD-1 and ZNRD1-AS1 SNPs considering CD4+
T cell counts and viral load before the antiretroviral treatment. Individuals carrying HLA-C
rs9264942 TT genotype showed a significant increased level of HIV-1 viral load pre-treatment, in
comparison with individuals carrying the CC genotype (p-value = 0.0092). Finally, we stratified our
findings according to CCR5Δ32 allele presence along with the studied SNPs: no statistically significant
influence over viral load pre-treatment has been found.
Conclusion: The association between HLA-C rs9264942 SNP and viral load prior treatment in an
admixed population from North East Brazil was in agreement with findings from previous studies
obtained on different ethnic groups; however more studies should be conducted in order to clarify
how HLA-C impair the HIV-1 replication.
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