Biosintesis 1,3-Propanadiol Dari Gliserol (Hasil Samping Biodiesel) Oleh Bakteri Enterobacter aerogenes

YUSRAINI DIAN INAYATI SIREGAR. 1,3-Propanediol Biosynthesis from Glycerol (By Product of Biodiesel) by Enterobacter aerogenes Bacteria Under the supervision of TUN TEDJA IRAWADI and MAHYUDIN ABDUL RACHMAN. The research is aimed to produce 1,3-propanediol chemistry through glycerol fermentation which is a by-product of biodiesel formed by mutan bacteria of AD-H43 Enterobacter aerogenes then compared the 1,3-propanediol concentration methods employing simple with vacum distillation. The researches have been performed at Bioindustry Technology Laboratory BPPT, Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang and Laboratorium Terpadu UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta for 6 months (July to December 2007). The research was initiated by determining the used bacteria and it was proven that the mutant of AD-H43 Enterobacter aerogenes produced 1,3propanediol (31,13%) which were higher than AY-2 Enterobacter aerogenes (26,06%). Biodiesel waste as a substrate glycerol was purified to reach 17,5 g/1 concentration. The fermentation was started from vial bottle of 50 ml, 35 ml preculture, 350 ml preculture through 3500 ml main culture. The fermentation was carried out in 6 litre of fermentor (T=37 C and pH 6,8) for 20 hours. The bacteria growth (OD=680 nm and pH) were regularly observed every 4 hours. The fermentation product was then centrifugated and its filtrate was separated by two methods namely distillation (T=105 C, 190 C) and vacuum distiltion (T= 40 C) using rotary evaporator. Afterward, the separation process when applying the two methods was analyzed by implementing Gas Chromatograph and Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) The analysis result of GC-MS showed that the content of 1,3-propanediol produced before separation was 0,067 g/1 with 0,093 mol/mol glycerol production rendement. After having separation process with distillation, 1,3-propanediol had increased up to 0,79 g/1 with 11 fold intensification of concentration efficiency. The 1,3-propanediol concentration applying vacuum distillation by using rotary evaporator had increased up to 1,1 g/1 with concentration intensification efficiency at 16 fold. Keyword: 1,3-propanediol, Enterobacter aerogenes, glycerol, biodiesel, distillation