X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Nanodiamonds Obtained by Grinding and Detonation Synthesis

The initial composition and chemical state of nanopowder primary particles obtained by grinding natural diamond and detonation synthesis have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It has been shown that the primary particles of both nanopowders contain mainly carbon and oxygen atoms. The signals from nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and metal atoms in the photoelectronic spectrum do not exceed the noise level. It has been discovered that the proportions of carbon atoms are ∼46.5 and ∼67.8% in the state of the sp3 hybridization, ∼26.8 and ∼17.4% in the state of the sp2-hybridization, and ∼26.7 and ∼14.7% in the composition of the oxygen-containing functional groups in the primary particles of the nanopowders obtained by detonation synthesis and by grinding natural diamond, respectively.