Abstract P141: Usual Impact of Vegetable and Red Meat Intake on Urinary Nitrate

The purpose of this study is twofold: 1) compare the effectiveness of non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (NFFQ) to one-time or multiple 24-hr recalls on assessing the associations of vegetable and meat intakes with urinary nitrate; 2) to determine the associations of vegetable and meat intakes with urinary nitrate. Nitrate-related metabolic pathways have emerged as a fascinating topic because promising benefits of using nitrate supplement on several cardiovascular related outcomes in animal and small-scaled human intervention studies. In the past, most people consider that processed meat is the main source of nitrate exposure and nitrate is harmful. In fact, the major exogenous nitrate exposure comes from vegetables. Thus, we seek to untangle the mystery vegetable-nitrate and meat-nitrate associations in a large observational study. We conduct a cross-sectional analysis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2005-2006, among 7,683 participants. Urinary nitrat...