一种改进的矢量阵常规波束形成方法研究 Improved Conventional Beamforming for Vector Sensor Array

为了更好的探测低信噪比目标，我们研究了矢量阵的常规波束形成，理论和仿真分析了常规时延方法最近邻法、矩形窗sinc函数插值法以及FFT相移法对信号的影响，结果表明矩形窗sinc函数插值法以及FFT相移法对信号进行时延补偿可以提高矢量阵接收信号之间的相关度，性能优于最近邻法。我们给出了频域分子带相移的矢量阵常规波束形成算法以及实现流程，并进行了仿真分析，比较了利用三种延时方法所到的矢量阵波束形成结果，虽然sinc-VCBF有较好性能，但是运算速度较慢，而VFFTABF比sinc-VCBF和最近邻VCBF执行速度更快，且性能与sinc-VCBF相当。 In order to detect low signal ratio underwater targets, we studied conventional beamforming for vector sensor array and analyzed nearest conventional time delay method, rectangular window sinc function interpolated method, and FFT phase-shifting method through theory and simulation. The results showed that rectangular window sinc function interpolated method and FFT phase- shifting method could improve the coherence degree between signals receive by vector sensor array. Their capability was better than nearest conventional time delay method. An improved beamforming technique for vector hydrophone array based on FFT was developed. The flow chart of this algorithm was given. The simulation result showed that though sinc-VCBF had better capability, its calculation speed was slower. VFFTABF calculation speed was faster than sinc-VCBF and VCBF, and had almost the same capability with sinc-VCBF.